Regular Article

Atomic hydrogen interactions with small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons cations^⋆

¹ Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
² University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
³ Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands

^a e-mail: t.a.schlatholter@rug.nl

Received: 24 February 2020
Received in final form: 6 April 2020
Published online: 11 June 2020

Abstract

When exposed to a thermal beam of hydrogen atoms, gas-phase coronene cations C₂₄H₁₂⁺ can be sequentially hydrogenated. This process is accompanied by a gradual transition of the electronic structure from aromatic to aliphatic. The planar very stable coronene structure transforms into the significantly weaker corrugated structure, typical for aliphatic molecules. In this study, we have investigated the hydrogenation of 5 smaller polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon cations using a combination of radiofrequency ion trapping with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anthracene (C₁₄H₁₀⁺), pyrene (C₁₆H₁₀⁺), triphenylene (C₁₈H₁₂⁺), tetracene (C₁₈H₁₂⁺) and 8-9-benzofluoranthene (C₂₀H₁₂⁺) only cover a small mass range, but differ in carbon/hydrogen ratio, number of outer-edge sites and overall structure. We have observed qualitatively similar initial hydrogenation patterns for all 5 molecular ions, with odd hydrogenation states being dominant. Strong quantitative differences in hydrogenation and in attachment-induced fragmentation were found. For the case of pyrene cations, we have also investigated exposure to atomic D. Clear lines of evidence for HD/D₂ abstraction reactions of Eley–Rideal type were found, as previously observed for coronene cations.