https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2020-100462-6
Regular Article
Curl forces and their role in optics and ion trapping
SN Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
a e-mail: partha@bose.res.in
Received:
4
February
2020
Received in final form:
20
September
2019
Published online:
21
May
2020
The position dependent nonconservative forces are called curl forces introduced recently by M.V. Berry, P. Shukla, J. Phys. A 45, 305201 (2012). In this article, we elucidate the role of curl forces in classical and quantum optics. At first we review the work of A. Ashkin and demonstrate the existence of curl force. We then discuss the role of curl force in ion trapping theory and map it to rotating saddle potential. Finally we show the connection between the two level atom problem, curl forces and their connection to Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator.
Key words: Optical Phenomena and Photonics
© EDP Sciences / Società Italiana di Fisica / Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature, 2020
