https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01026-6
Regular Article - Atomic Physics
Spectral line identification for highly charged heavy ions in soft X-ray and EUV regions based on Z-dependence measurements
1
Department of Research, National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, 509-5292, Toki, Japan
2
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, 509-5292, Toki, Japan
3
Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, 102-8554, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
4
Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Wendelsteinstraße 1, 17491, Greifswald, Germany
5
Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01-2 Aobayama, 980-8579, Sendai, Japan
6
Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, 182-8585, Chofu, Japan
Received:
27
February
2025
Accepted:
10
June
2025
Published online:
23
June
2025
This study focuses on new identifications of discrete spectral lines of heavy ions with one or two outermost 4s/4p subshell electrons in soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet regions. The study is basically based on the spectroscopic data systematically taken in the last decades in high-temperature plasmas produced in the Large Helical Device using multiple grazing incidence spectrometers. In addition, we have newly taken spectroscopic data using the Tokyo electron beam ion trap (EBIT) for some of the missing elements in the past EBIT experiments. Consequently, we could identify a number of discrete lines experimentally for the first time in this study based on the detailed atomic number (Z)-dependences of the wavelengths of major resonance lines. Some transitions of Ga- and Ge-like ions show irregular Z-dependences in which the transition wavelength suddenly shifts to another curve at around a specific Z due to the effect of strong configuration interaction.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
