https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-023-00620-w
Regular Article – Ultraintense and Ultrashort Laser Fields
Bohmian tunneling times in strong-field ionization
1
Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
2
Bogoliubov Laboratory for Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
Received:
11
November
2022
Accepted:
20
February
2023
Published online:
2
March
2023
Phenomenon of tunneling ionization became the subject of many theoretical studies inspired by recent attoclock experiments on strong-field ionization of atoms by few-cycle laser pulses in infrared wavelength region. In particular, the notion of electron tunneling time caused a lot of controversy in various theoretical approaches. Bohmian mechanics seems to be specially suitable for theoretical description of electron tunneling times. We present results of calculations of probability distributions of electron Bohmian tunneling times for the model problem of ionization of 1D atom by a half-cycle laser pulse. Two regimes are studied in details: (a) the case of completely tunneling ionization and (b) the case involving three mechanisms: direct, non-completely and completely tunneling ionization. Probability distributions of tunneling exit positions and exit velocities are also studied. In addition, we discuss the appearance of transient dynamical tunneling due to non-adiabatic switching of external field.
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