https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-023-00609-5
Regular Article – Quantum Optics
Optical PT symmetry and PT antisymmetry in one- and two-dimensional optical lattices
1
Department of Applied Physics, East China Jiaotong University, 330013, Nanchang, China
2
Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China
c
glingcheng@ecjtu.edu.cn
d
aixichen@zstu.edu.cn
Received:
16
August
2022
Accepted:
2
February
2023
Published online:
21
February
2023
The optical PT-symmetric and PT-antisymmetric characteristics are simultaneously investigated in the four-level atoms trapped in one-dimensional and two-dimensional optical lattices. The atoms with Gaussian-distributed density are driven into the closed-loop configuration by a standing wave field, two microwave fields and a probe field, where the relative phase of the external fields plays an essential role in changing the effective polarizability of such a system. It is found that the relative phase could lead to the switching from absorption to gain accompanied by the larger dispersion and, meanwhile, induce the giant gain with the simultaneous presence of the positive and negative dispersion. With the aid of spatial atomic density and standing wave modulation, both the optical PT symmetry and PT antisymmetry are achieved in one-dimensional and two-dimensional optical lattices, where the PT antisymmetry with the gain is presented. Furthermore, changing the other parameters such as Rabi frequencies and probe detuning has an impact on the realization of PT symmetry and PT antisymmetry, which may have some important applications in quantum information processing.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
