https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-021-00266-6
Topical Review - Atomic and Molecular Collisions
Directional dependency of electronic stopping in nickel, projectile’s excited charge state and momentum transfer
Quantum Simulations Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, 94550, Livermore, CA, USA
Received:
7
June
2021
Accepted:
7
September
2021
Published online:
29
October
2021
We studied the directional dependency of electronic stopping power of swift light ions in nickel using real-time time-dependent density functional theory. We report a variation of electronic stopping for moving ions as the projectile probes different electronic densities of the host material. These results show that while the predicted magnitude stays in reasonable agreement with experiment, for 
. a.u. simulating only low index crystallographic directions is not enough to sample the experimental average values. The ab initio simulations give us access to microscopic quantities, such as non-adiabatic forces, momentum transfer and transient excited state charges of the projectile and host ions, which are not available through other methods. We report these quantities for the first time.
© The Author(s) 2021
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