https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-021-00228-y
Topical Review - Plasma Physics
Latest experimental and theoretical advances in the production of negative ions in caesium-free plasmas
1
Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, CNR, via Amendola 122/D, 70126, Bari, Italy
2
INFN-BA, via Amendola 173, 70126, Bari, Italy
3
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38026, Grenoble, France
4
ThrustMe, 4bis Rue des Petits Ruisseaux, 91370, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
5
Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, Università di Padova, Acciaierie Venete Spa), Padua, Italy
6
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Plasma Center (SPC), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
7
High Voltage Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Patras, 26 504, Rion-Patras, Greece
8
EUROfusion consortium, JET, CCFE, Culham, Science Centre, Ox14 3DB, Abingdon, UK
9
CNRS, PIIM, UMR 7345, Centre Scientifique de Saint Jéome, Case 241, Aix-Marseille Université, 13397, Marseille Cedex 20, France
10
UPMC, LPP, UMR CNRS 7648, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
11
Abdelhamid Univ. IBN Badis Mostaganem, Mostaganem, Algeria
12
INFN-LNL, v.le dell’Università n 2, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
13
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh) Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
14
LAPLACE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
15
Space Science and Astrobiology Division, NASA Ames Research Center, 94035, Moett Field, CA, USA
16
Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS - Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
17
Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University, 602-8580, Kyoto, Japan
18
Physics and Astronomy Department “G. Galilei” & CNISM, INFN, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
19
Iter Organization (IO), St Paul Lez Durance, France
Received:
23
March
2021
Accepted:
8
July
2021
Published online:
20
August
2021
This topical review gathers the last updates concerning caesium-free negative ion sources presented during the Course of the International school of Quantum Electronics of the Ettore Majorana Foundation and European collaborative works related to these lectures. Hence, beyond the frame of this course this topical review addresses both theoretical and experimental work performed during these last few years and complexities represented by the conception of a negative ion source ranging from the creation of negative ions to their neutralization.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021