https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e20020022
Triggered single photons and entangled photons from a quantum dot microcavity
1
Quantum Entanglement Project, ICORP, JST, E. L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA-94305, USA
2
Solid-State Photonics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA-94305, USA
3
Physics Department, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
4
NTT Basic Research Laboratories, Atsugishi, Kanagawa, Japan
Corresponding author: a pelton@stanford.edu
Received:
8
July
2001
Revised:
25
August
2001
Published online: 15 February 2002
Current quantum cryptography systems are limited by the attenuated coherent pulses they use as light sources: a security loophole is opened up by the possibility of multiple-photon pulses. By replacing the source with a single-photon emitter, transmission rates of secure information can be improved. We have investigated the use of single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots as such single-photon sources, and have seen a tenfold reduction in the multi-photon probability as compared to Poissonian pulses. An extension of our experiment should also allow for the generation of triggered, polarization-entangled photon pairs. The utility of these light sources is currently limited by the low efficiency with which photons are collected. However, by fabricating an optical microcavity containing a single quantum dot, the spontaneous emission rate into a single mode can be enhanced. Using this method, we have seen 78% coupling of single-dot radiation into a single cavity resonance. The enhanced spontaneous decay should also allow for higher photon pulse rates, up to about 3 GHz.
PACS: 78.67.Hc – Quantum dots / 42.50.Dv – Nonclassical field states; squeezed, antibunched, and sub-Poissonian states; operational definitions of the phase of the field; phase measurements / 73.21.-b – Electron states and collective excitations in multilayers, quantum wells, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems
© EDP Sciences, Società Italiana di Fisica, Springer-Verlag, 2002