https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-026-01187-y
Research - Photon
Radiative losses due to pulse interactions in helicoidal spin–orbit couple open Bose–Einstein condensates at negative temperature
1
Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials and Structures, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
2
Department of Petroleum Engineering, National Higher Polytechnic Institute (NAHPI), The University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bamenda, Cameroon
3
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
a
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Received:
24
November
2025
Accepted:
11
May
2026
Published online:
1
July
2026
Abstract
This study investigates the transient evolution of two-polarization pulses in a two-component helicoidal spin–orbit coupled open Bose–Einstein condensate system operating in the negative temperature regime. The dynamics are governed by coupled complex Ginzburg–Landau equations. Using a variational approach, the pulse evolution is modeled with a trial function consisting of coupled soliton-like pulses with time-dependent parameters, augmented by a radiative shelf. This leads to a set of ordinary differential equations describing the pulse dynamics. Stability is examined through an effective potential analysis, which reveals that solitons can become trapped in the minima of the potential well. This suggests that careful tuning of system parameters can mitigate the destabilizing effects of the radiative shelf. To validate the analytical results, we perform direct numerical simulations in Fourier space, taking into account the helicoidal spin–orbit coupling. The numerical findings are in strong agreement with the theoretical predictions, confirming the validity of the stability analysis.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
