https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01108-5
Research - Plasmas
Multidimensional modulational instability and associated multi-rogue waves in anisotropic magnetized superthermal plasmas
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, 65779, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, 42521, Port Said, Egypt
3
Department of Physics, Government Post Graduate College Khar, Bajaur, Pakistan
4
Department of Physics, Islamia College Peshawar, 25120, Peshawar, Pakistan
5
Quantum Physics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis ElManar University, Tunis, Tunisia
6
Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
a
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Received:
3
September
2025
Accepted:
4
December
2025
Published online:
27
January
2026
In this study, we examine three-dimensional (3D) modulated ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) and associated multi-rogue waves in a magnetoplasma consisting of kappa-distributed electrons and hot, anisotropic positive ions. By employing a reductive perturbation technique (the derivative expansion method), the fundamental fluid equations are reduced to the three-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation (3D-NLSE) to investigate the 3D modulational instability (3D-MI) and associated modulated IAWs. For the plasma parameters of interest, such as the anisotropic parallel ion pressure, magnetic field (ion gyrofrequency), and the spectral index of the kappa distribution, the stable and unstable regions of modulated envelope structures are precisely identified. The criteria for the 3D-MI based on the 3D-NLSE are determined and numerically examined. Furthermore, the analytical and numerical solutions for first-order and second-order ion-acoustic rogue waves (IARWs) are investigated. The effects of relevant plasma parameters on the IARW profile are also examined. The implications of our findings for specific environments, such as Earth’s magnetosheath and magnetosphere, are also discussed.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
