https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01051-5
Regular Article - Plasmas
Head-on collision of modified KdV solitons and breathers in a nonuniform, inhomogeneous, unmagnetized dusty plasma
1
Department of Mathematics, University of Gour Banga, 732103, Malda, West Bengal, India
2
Department of Mathematics, Visva Bharati University, 731235, Santiniketan, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
3
Department of Mathematics, Mathabhanga College, 736146, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
a
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Received:
10
June
2025
Accepted:
12
August
2025
Published online:
29
August
2025
Abstract
This research examines the head-on collision (HOC) of two ion-acoustic multi-solitons and a breather within a nonuniform, inhomogeneous, unmagnetized dusty plasma. The system consists of ions, electrons, and both positively and negatively charged dust particles that adhere to a superthermal distribution. The modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation is obtained from the basic hydrodynamic model equations by using the reductive perturbation technique (RPT). The multi-solitons and breathers of the mKdV equation are generated through the Hirota bilinear method (HBM), and their HOC is explored via numerical methods. The system demonstrates the presence of both compressive and rarefactive multi-solitons. Additionally, the dynamics of breather structures is inconsistent; at times, they may overlap, whereas at other instances, they remain completely separate. Furthermore, the direct collision of the soliton and the breather is analyzed through numerical simulations.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
L. Mandi, J. Mondal, P. Chatterjee and S. Raut: These authors contributed equally to this work.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
